There are a lot of turbocharged vehicles, especially small displacement turbocharged vehicles, which are increasing in recent years. With a turbine, the maximum power and torque of the car are increased, and the acceleration is also fast. Why is a small turbine so magical? How does it work?

The final thing turbocharging does is to compress the air entering the engine so that the cylinder can hold more air, and then inject more fuel to generate more power. If the displacement of a vehicle is fixed, the number of cylinders and the volume of each cylinder are fixed, and the amount of air contained in the naturally aspirated state is fixed. If you want to enter more air, you can only compress the air. The turbocharger does this work. Compressing the air increases the intake.

The car determines the amount of fuel injection by calculating and controlling the amount of intake air. The throttle we step on controls the throttle, that is, the amount of intake air. So if you want to increase the fuel injection volume, you can only increase the intake volume, otherwise more oil and less air will lead to incomplete combustion. For vehicles with turbocharging, the air is compressed, and the intake volume increases, and the fuel injection volume increases accordingly. The more mixture, the smaller the space, the stronger the explosive force, so the more powerful the car with turbocharged will feel.

Household cars generally use exhaust gas turbocharging, which makes full use of the energy of exhaust gas to exert power on the supercharger. One end of the supercharger is placed in the exhaust system. This end is called the turbine, which is like the blade of a blower. If the exhaust gas wants to be discharged, it must pass through the turbine before it can be discharged. When the exhaust gas passes through the turbine, it will push the turbine to rotate. Connected to the turbine is the impeller of the turbocharger, which is placed in the intake system. The turbine is driven to rotate by the exhaust gas, and then drives the impeller to rotate. The impeller will compress the air to enter more air.

The force that drives the turbocharger to rotate comes from the exhaust gas, so it does not consume additional energy. However, there is a disadvantage that the turbocharger can only work when the engine speed is increased. Most vehicles need to work at more than 1500 rpm. The speed of turbocharger turbine and impeller is very high, often more than 100000 revolutions, so it uses floating bearings, which is like removing the steel balls from ordinary bearings and changing them into oil film. The oil film is also between the shaft and the bearing, which is not in direct contact, and is completely protected by oil lubrication. Therefore, turbocharged vehicles have higher requirements for oil. Generally, they should use full synthetic oil and maintain it on time.